Intersects of 2 functions
Assuming function $f$ and $g$, scipy.optimize.fsolve would give an elegant solution:
from scipy.optimize import fsolve
def f(xy):
x, y = xy
return (y - x ** 2, y - np.sin(x))
fsolve(f, [1.0, 1.0])
gives array([0.87672622, 0.76864886]) is the intersect of $y=x^2$ and $y=\sin(x)$.
Intersects of 2 arrays
There is a function called numpy.intersect1d that returns the sorted, uniq values in both arrays, and reduce(np.intersect1d, list_of_arrays) gives intersect of all arrays in the list. Index can also be returned by return_indices=True option.
If the 2 arrays are data values, using np.flatnonzero(np.abs(arr1-arr2))<tol) seems to be a good solution; this method returns the indices of values in arr1 and arr2 which are closed by tol.
Another method is based on idea that there is a change in sign of $\lim_{x\to x_0^+}f(x_0)-g(x_0)$ and $\lim_{x\to x_0^-}f(x_0)-g(x_0)$, therefore, if $\mathrm{d}x$ is small enough, this method would give a very good estimation of the intersects.
def intersects(x, arr1, arr2):
return x[np.flatnonzero(np.diff(np.sign(arr1 - arr2))]
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